Boiler house a system of devices designed to convert water into saturated steam by heating water or steam heated to a temperature above the boiling point of water, thereby heating apartments and other facilities. In boilers, chemical energy is converted into heat energy. In this case, the water in special boilers is heated by this energy and turned into the required steam. Then the steam is transferred to the identified objects through water pipes. The steam moving in the pipes separates a certain amount of heat from itself, turns into water again and returns to the boiler. It is more expedient to install an independent boiler house in large and spacious buildings.
It also includes the installation of a hydrant system, fire cabinets, fire extinguishers, hoses and annual maintenance, and the annual filling of cylinders.
For a boiler room in a building to be affordable, it must have the following features:
- It should be clear.
- There should be adequate ventilation.
- It should be close to the chimney.
- It must be able to store enough fuel under suitable conditions.
- There should be enough space for the boiler and other equipment.
- It should be easily accessible from inside and outside the building.
Water heaters
As the name suggests, water heaters are boilers that use water as a heat carrier. Boilers in this heating system have a very large heat capacity. Water heaters can be used in apartments, private homes, industrial facilities, offices, greenhouses, warehouses and sports complexes.
Water heaters, in turn, are used in the steam systems of heating equipment, as well as in the production of steam textiles, food products, medicines. Thus, steam boilers are used in all production and some non-production areas (medicine, cosmetology). Steam boilers are the most reliable and affordable type of boiler. Solid fuel boilers are comfortable and safe to operate. Designed for industrial and residential buildings. The main difference from other types of boilers is the use of coke, coal, wood, as well as lignite as fuel. In addition, manufacturers produce boilers that run on all but one of these fuels.
Gas-fired boilers There are
two types of gas-fired boilers - wall-type and floor-type boilers. Gas-fired wall-mounted boilers are considered a compact and comfortable type of boiler. These boilers not only heat apartments and small private houses, but also provide hot water. Wall-type boilers work at the expense of pumps or pumps. It shows itself as a real mini-boiler. Parts of wall-mounted boilers include a regenerator, a burner, a control unit, a manometer, an expansion tank, a thermometer, and, as mentioned above, a circulating (exchange) pump. Wall-type boilers have a special system that ensures efficient and high-quality operation of it and its parts.
Gas-fired floor-standing boilers are widely used in many countries due to their practicality, invisibility of the system and natural circulation. Modern floor-standing boilers are equipped with a simple and reliable automation system that switches off the automatic boiler in case of a problem with the gas supply or in the chimney.
Liquid fuel boilers
Liquid fuel boilers are mostly used in large facilities located far from the gas line. The principle of operation of liquid fuel boilers is the same as gas fuel boilers. When choosing between models running on electric or diesel fuel, we see that diesel models are more economical. Each liquid fuel boiler is equipped with an open combustion chamber.
Cast iron radiators
Cast iron radiators were the most well-known radiators. These radiators have been the main equipment used in public buildings since the Soviet era, and to this day they are used in many "Khrushchev" and other apartments and private homes. This shows their endurance.
Aluminum radiators
Aluminum radiators are the most widely used radiators for individual heating systems. It has the following advantages;
- Cheap enough
- High heat transfer (rapid heating and heat dissipation)
- Standard installation conditions
Panel radiators
Panel radiators are made of steel. The variety of configurations and configurations of panel radiators allows you to choose the model that suits any type of room. These radiators differ from others due to the fact that the heat is evenly distributed in the equipment, which improves heat transfer. The thermal conductivity of panel radiators is higher than that of aluminum.
Burners are devices that burn fuel to release the required amount of heat. The burners operate at a high level of efficiency and minimize the emission of harmful substances into the environment. Burners are equipment with automatic control and safety control. The equipment automatically shuts off in the event of an irreversible failure. Depending on the type of fuel used, burners are divided into 3 types: gas-fired, liquid (diesel), multi-fuel (gas-diesel).
Gas burners
Gas-fired burners provide the necessary heat dissipation by burning gaseous fuel economically and efficiently. These types of burners have a capacity of 16-246 kW. Almost all gas-fired burners are equipped with an automatic system, which ensures their operation in high safety mode. These devices are single-stage and double-stage in terms of capacity. Single-stage burners are mostly used in the boilers of individual houses. Medium and high power burners are single-stage, double-stage and modular. The two-stage ones operate in two combustion modes; "Less" and "more". When operating in modulation mode, the power flow mode is provided, which saves fuel and reduces noise when the equipment is switched on. Equipment power adjustment is performed automatically. This equipment operates at 220 V.
Diesel fuel burners
Diesel fuel burners provide heat dissipation by efficient and environmentally friendly combustion of diesel fuel. In the absence of gas lines, diesel fuel is used as an alternative. All diesel burners are equipped with an automation system for safe operation of the equipment. This equipment is divided into types with and without fuel heating mode. Non-heating burners are characterized by simple design and low cost. Heaters with a heating mode are characterized by efficient operation and the best combustion of fuel. Diesel fuel burners are single-stage, double-stage and three-stage and have a flow control of power. They are weak in strength, medium, are divided into high-strength. As a rule, this equipment operates at 220 V. The frequency of electricity should be 50 GHz.
Multi-fuel burners (gas-diesel)
Multi -fuel burners (gas-diesel) are similar to other types of burners in their basic characteristics and differ from each other in the ability to switch from one type of fuel to another, ensuring the perfect operation of heating and process equipment.
Combi is a unique heating system. With its help it is possible to easily heat any room, even in the coldest time. To do this, you need to properly install all the elements of the system. The work does not end with the purchase and installation of equipment with heating elements. It is necessary to draw a water system that creates a closed circle system through each room of the house in advance. It should be noted that the Combi is more suitable for apartments and one-story houses. Because this equipment is not able to lift water to the 2nd floor with a pipe. Plastic pipes are now used more than combi systems. They are easily cut to the required size and assembled using a special device. The advantages of the system include its durability, ease of use and the ability to adjust the temperature. If the landlord leaves the house for a long time, you do not have to pay for a heater in vain. To do this, simply turn off the boiler. Elements of combined heating system; heating equipment, gas and water pipes, as well as radiators.
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